Fluid-compressor.



w. v. TURNER.

FLUID COMPRESSOR. APPLICATION FILED JAN-19, 1915.

1 176 108. Patented Mar. 21,1916. 2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

WITNESSES INVENTOFI zww WWWM All'y,

THE COLUMBIA FLAtjlJuRAPx-l (10.. WASHINGTON/D. C.

W. V'. TURNER FLUID COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION. EILED JAN-19. I915.

Patented Mar. 21, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

THE COLUMBIA PLANCIHRAPH co., WASHINGTON. D. c

V To all whom it may conccrm;

WALTER V. TURNER, 0F EDGEWOOD, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE WESTING-HOUSE AIR BRAKE COMPANY, OF WILMERDING, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OFPENNSYLVANIA.

FLUID-COMPRESSOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 21, 1916.

5 Application filed January 19, 1915. Serial No. 3,051.

Be it known that I, WVALTER V. TURNER, a citizen of the United; States,residing at Edgewood. in the county of Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, and useful Improvements in Fluid-Compressors, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to compound steam pumps, and more particularly tothe direct acting type in which the engine pistons are directlyconnected to the pump or compressor pistons. Some difficulty hasheretofore been experienced in cases where excessive leakage occurs fromthe live steam side of the high pressure steam piston to the exhauststeam side, since this reduces the differential of pressures acting onthe high pressure piston and results in a slowing down of the pump.

The principal object of my invention is to provide means for relievingthe high pressure steam pistons of back pressure due to the exhauststeam where the same operates to retard the movement of the highpressure piston so that the low pressure piston completes its strokefirst.

Inthe accompanying drawings; Figure 1 is a central vertical section of acompound steam pump embodying my improvement, showing the parts inposition when the high pressure steam piston is making its up stroke andthe low pressure piston its down stroke and Fig. 2 a similar view,showing the parts in position when the high pressure steam piston ismaking its down stroke and the low pressure piston its up stroke.

the drawings, the

According to the construction shown in high pressure steam piston 1contained in cylinder 2 is connected by rod 3 with low pressure airpiston 4 contained in cylinder 5, while the low pressure steam piston 6,contained in cylinder 7 is connected by rod 8 with high pressure airpiston 9 contained in cylinder 10.

A steam distribution valve controls the admission and exhaust of steamto and from the steam cylinders and may comprise a series of pistonheads 11, 12, 13, and 14 and a dili'erential piston head 15 havingagreater area than the other piston heads, the piston head 11 having alesser area than the intermediate piston heads 12, 13. and 1-1.

A reversing valve 16 is provided for conhave invented new distributionvalve and is adapted to be actuated in the usual manner by the movementof the high pressure steam piston to the end of its stroke.

fith the steam distribution valve in the position shown in Fig. 1, steamsupplied through pipe 25 and passage 17 flows to the space betweenpiston heads 11 and 12 and thence through passage 18 to the chamberbelow high pressure steam piston 1, thus causing said piston to make itsup stroke.

. \Vhen the high pressure piston reaches the end of its stroke, thereversing valve 16 is shifted to its upper position, in which passage 19is uncovered, so that steam is supplied from valve chamber 20 to theouter face of piston head 15. Since the outer face of piston head 11 isopen to the atmosphere through passages 21 and 22 and pipe 23, theunbalanced steam pressure acting on piston head 15 operates to shift thesteam distribution valve to the position shown in Fig. 2 of thedrawings. Live steam is now supplied to the upper side of piston 1 fromthe space between piston heads 14 and 15 and through passage 24, so asto cause the high pressure steam piston 1 to move downwardly. Exhauststeam from the chamber at the lower face of piston 1 is also admitted tothe chamber below the low pressure steam piston 6 through passage 18,space between piston heads 12 and 13, and passage 26. The space abovepiston 6 is connected to the exhaust through passage 27, space betweenpiston heads 13 and M, and passage 22 and the low pressure steam pistonis therefore moved upwardly by the exhaust steam from the high pressuresteam cylinder.

lVhen the high pressure steam piston reaches the end of its down stroke,the reversing valve 16 is shifted to its lower position, in which, asshown in Fig. 1, the chamber at the outer'face of piston head 15 isconnected to the atmosphere through passage 28, cavity 29 in thereversing valve 16, and passages 30, 21, and 22. The unbalanced steampressure now acting in the space between piston heads 14 and Hon thedifferential area of piston head 15 then operates to shift the steam'distribution valve to the position shown in Fig. 1, so that live steamis admitted to the lower side of piston 1 through passage 18 whileexhaust steam from above the piston 1 is supplied to the 13 and 14, andpassage 27. The air pistons exhaust, so that when the low around thepiston or by 9 and 4 are thus operated by the steampistons 6 and 1 tocompress air, the'low pressure piston 4 taking air from the atmosphereand compressing the same into the high pressure air cvlinder inthe'usual manner.

The operation above described corree sponds with that of the compoundcompressor heretofore employed, but according to my present invention,additional passages 31 and 32, controlled by the steam distributionvalve, are provided, the passage '31 opening into the low pressure steamcylinder 7 at a point just above the piston 6 when the same is in itslowermost position and the passage 32 opening into the cylinder 7 at apoint just below the piston 6 .when the same is in its uppermostposition.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, it will be seen that passage 31 isnow connected to passage 22 and the atmospheric pressure piston 6completes its down stroke, the chamber above the piston is openeddirectly to the exhaust and the exhaust steam above the low pressurepiston which has done its work is thus exhausted as well as the exhauststeam remaining above the high pressure steam piston 1. 7 It will thusbe seen that in case the movement of the high pressure steam piston isretarded by leakage of steam other causes, the pack pressure of theexhaust steam .being relieved, the prompt movement of the high pressuresteam piston is facilitated.

' lVhen the high pressure steam piston reaches the end of its up stroke,the reversing valve is operated to effect the movement of the steamdistribution valve to the posi- -tion shown in Fig. 2, in which thepiston head 13 blanks the port opening of passage 31, so that thispassage will be closed against the escape of steam as the low pressuresteam piston makes its upstroke.

Referring to Fig. 2 of the drawings, when the low pressure steam pistonis making its up stroke, the passage 32 is connected by the spacebetween piston heads 12 and 13 with exhaust passage 22, so that at theend of the up stroke, the under side of the low pressure steam piston isdirectly connected under side of the high to the exhaust and the exhauststeam :pressure is released from the underside of the low pressurepiston side and also from the pressure steam piston 1, so that theprompt downward movement of the highpressure steam piston isfacilitated. I

The movement of the high pressure steam my hand.

piston 1 to the end of its down stroke operates the reversing valve 16so as to effect the movement of the steam distribution valve to theposition shown in Fig. 1, in which the piston head 13 blanks the portopening of passage 32, so that escape of steam is prevented as the lowpressure steam piston 6 makes its down stroke.

It will :now be seen that by means of my invention, the prompt movementof the high pressure steam piston is assured and thatthis isaccomplished without the use of adtwo extra passages.

vditional mechanism, simply by employing Having now described myinvention,

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

' 1. In a compound steam pumplng engine, the combination with a highpressure steam piston and cylinder: and a low pressure 7 steam pistonand cylinder, of a valve mechanism for controlling the admission ofsteam to said cylinders and a passage controlled by themovement of thelow pressure piston and also by said valve mechanism for relieving thelow pressure piston of exhaust steam pressure with said valve mechanismin position for supplying steam to the relieved side of the piston. 1

2. In a compound steam pumping engine, the combination with a highpressure steam piston and cylinder and a low pressure steam piston andcylinder, of avalve mechanism for connecting the exhaust steam side ofthe high pressure'piston with one side.

of the low pressure piston and adapted while in this position to openafpassage which is connected to the same side. of the low pressurepiston by the movementiof the low pressure piston to the end of itsstroke, for relieving the pistons of exhaust steam pressure.

3. In a.cempoundsteam-pumping engine,

[the combination with a high pressure. steam piston and cylinder and alow pressure steam piston and cylinder, of a rmai-nr'steam distributionvalve for connecting the exhaust steam side of thehighpressur-epistonwith one side of-the low pressure-piston and ap'assage connected to theexhaust through said valve in the same position and opened to the sameside of the'loW pressure piston upon movement of the low pressure pistonto the end of its stroke for venting the ex haust steam from bothpistons.

In testimony whereof Ihave hereuntoset I i WALTER V. TURNER.

Witnesses: Z

A. M. CLEMENTS,

S. W. KEErER,

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